Similarities and Differences between Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Major Depressive Disorder

Description: This collection describes the similar and different results of a whole-brain coordinate-based fMRI meta-analysis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD). Anisotropic effect-size signed differential mapping software was used to conduct a coordinate-based meta-analysis across 34 PTSD studies (536 patients and 525 HCs) and 120 MDD studies (3746 patients and 3863 HCs). PTSD patients showed significantly increased neural activation in the right insula, superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and left fusiform gyrus and decreased activation in the posterior cingulate gyrus, right paracentral lobule, right inferior parietal gyrus and right middle temporal gyrus (MTG) compared with HCs. MDD patients showed increased neural activation in the bilateral STG, left insula, and bilateral inferior frontal gyrus and decreased neural activation in the left middle frontal gyrus, left inferior parietal gyrus, and limbic system. Moreover, MDD and PTSD patients shared increased neural activation in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus. Several brain regions, including the right inferior parietal gyrus, right insula, cingulate gyrus, and the SFG differed significantly between PTSD and MDD. The analyses focuses on the shared and unique neurobiology in PTSD and MDD. SDM Z-maps are presented below, both for the main FWHM 20mm analysis and the complementary FWHM 10mm analysis.

Communities: developmental